ATM-008 · Foundations of quantum mechanics Sample material

Simple quantum systems. The tunnel effect

Properties of operators and the simplest solutions of the Schrödinger equation: a free particle, a rectangular potential well, the linear harmonic oscillator, passage through a potential barrier and the tunnel effect (alpha decay, field electron emission).

Estimated time: 3 h 4 activities

Learning objective

Explain the properties of Hermitian operators and the physical meaning of commutators.
Learn to find the energy spectrum of a free particle, a potential well and a harmonic oscillator.
Calculate the transmission and reflection coefficients at a potential barrier.
Analyse manifestations of the tunnel effect in nature and technology.

Expected outcomes

Knows that quantities with commuting operators are simultaneously measurable.
Calculates the energy of a particle in infinite and finite wells and the oscillator levels $E_n = \hbar\omega(n+\tfrac12)$.
Estimates the barrier transmission coefficient with $D \approx e^{-2\kappa a}$.
Explains alpha decay, field electron emission and the operating principle of the tunnelling microscope.

Interactive modelThe tunnel effect: a potential barrier
Interactive modelA particle in a potential well: wavefunctions

Activities

Lecture
Lecture · 1 h 20 min · required
Problem solving on the topic "Simple quantum systems. The tunnel effect"
Practice · 1 h 20 min · required
Alpha decay of nuclei. Field electron emission
Self-study · 6 h 10 min · optional
Final test
Test · 20 min · required · pass ≥ 70%

Completion conditions

  • Lecture
  • Problem solving on the topic "Simple quantum systems. The tunnel effect"
  • Final test — at least 70%